Business of Freelance Writing questions and answers

March 24, 2012 – 11:17 am

Based on my book, Everything You Wanted to Know About Freelance Writing, I teach The Freelance Writing Business: periodicals and corporate markets online for University of Toronto continuing education students, Freelance for Periodicals: Newspaper and Magazines online for Humber College and several email-based freelance writing courses for private students. Towards the end of each course, I encourage students to ask any remaining questions they might have. I’ve saved a number of questions and my answers, which I am posting here.

By way of aside, I don’t consider my answers the final say on these questions. So if you have additional thoughts, or a completely different take on how you would handle an issue, feel free to leave a comment at the end of this blog post.

What is the most important lesson you learned in the beginning years of your Freelance Writing career?

Focus and discipline. If you try to write anything for anybody, you may end up writing nothing for nobody. And if you send out one query or engage in one marketing task, and sit back, you may be sitting back for quite some time. Use your downtime (non-billable hours) productively, to generate and pitch ideas or to sell your writing services (marketing).

How do you organize your day? How many hours can you actually ’sit and write’?

I don’t organize my day. My computer organizes my day. Mind you, I organized Tasks and Calendar in Outlook, so I help my computer organize my day. I am in the office from “9 to 5″. I am working on meeting deadlines when I have deadlines to meet. Otherwise, I am marketing my services. And yes, I build in healthy breaks too. I’m not ALL business. I don’t mind working evenings and weekends, and will give myself weekday time off when I’ve worked over an evening or part of a weekend.

If we don’t have published articles (or other samples) to share with an editor (or company) when pitching, what’s the most practical way to address that?

Read the rest of this entry »

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Don’t shoot me, I’m only the copywriter

March 15, 2012 – 9:13 am

A long time ago, in what feels like a galaxy far, far away, I was the senior copywriter for Radio Shack Canada (now known as The Source). We ran ads, mailed flyers or put inserts in newspapers every week of every month, and doubled up in November and December for the busy Christmas shopping period.

I once asked my boss, “What do you think would happen if we (the advertising department) took a month off?” He said, “One of two things would happen. Sales would plummet and we’d be fired for being idiots. Sales would remain the same, and we’d be fired for being unnecessary.”

A man who controlled a $20 million ad budget wasn’t sure how effective our ads were. Says something about the voodoo known as advertising, doesn’t it?

That story is a long way of saying that advertising is not the only element responsible for sales. If you sold snow shovels, snow blowers, snow suits, or snow boots this winter, you were pretty much out of luck – no matter how many ads you ran or how deeply you discounted your prices (at least in Toronto). There’s been no snow. Can’t blame advertising for that.

Advertising is one component in the 4P marketing wheel that consists of Product (is it something your target market wants), Price (are you competitively priced), Place (can people find and get to your product) and Promotion (advertising and public relations).

If your TM doesn’t want your product or if they feel it’s flawed, if they feel it’s not competitively priced, and/or if they can’t find it, all the promotion in the world will not help you.

If you have the first three Ps lined up, and you promotion doesn’t move product, then you may have an advertising problem. I say “may” because, before you shoot the copywriter, you have to conduct a detailed assessment of the business environment in which you exist.

For instance, if you sell cookies that contain trans fats, your sales will probably plummet no matter how much your promote because of a social/cultural shift: consumers have all but stopped eating products that contain trans fats. You have to remake your product, not your promotion.

If you sell cigarettes, your promotional options are severely limited by law, as are places where people can smoke (legal environment). In addition, the government is taxing the heck out of your product to discourage smoking (political environment).

If you sell goods that people tend to buy using discretionary income, and the economy doesn’t pick up, your sales opportunities will be limited (economic environment). And if you are RIM, your Blackberry sales are getting their butts kicked by Apple’s sexier iPhones (technology environment).

So if a company is not looking at all 4Ps, plus external business environment factors (economic, political, legal, social/cultural, technological) it could be missing the problem impeding sales growth.

Again, that is not to say that ads are always effective; many are not. (That’s grist for another blog post.) But you can’t just blame the ads and shoot the copywriter (and designer) until you have looked at the 4Ps and the environment in which you are trying to sell your product.

If your company is not doing that, it may in fact be shooting itself in the foot and limiting its ability to sell.

(Paul Lima is a freelance writer, copywriter and writing trainer. You can read more about his services online at www.paullima.com.)

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Writers: how to deal with feedback

March 12, 2012 – 4:19 pm

Whether you are a staff writer, a freelance writer writing for periodicals or corporate clients, or someone who writes fiction or non-fiction books, you will get feedback. Every writer, unless they are writing in a vacuum, gets feedback before his or her work goes out. I’d go so far as to say that every writer needs an editor. And some, like me, need proofreaders too. So feedback can help you improve your work.

The fact is, if you are dealing with a client or supervisor, that person is most likely responsible for the final document and has the right to comment on it (and has to feel comfortable with it). If you are dealing with an editor, then you are dealing with the gatekeeper — the person who stands between you and the readers and is responsible for the content, tone and style of articles.

The question is, how do you (should you) deal with feedback?

The short answer is, develop thick skin and deal with it constructively. But if you want the longer answer, read on …

When it comes to feedback, I expect it. If I don’t get it, it means I was aced the assignment (which happens on occasion) or, and more likely, the client hasn’t read the copy (which also happens on occasion).

Generally, feedback can come from superiors or clients. (That doesn’t mean feedback from peers — other writers — is not important; I will often seek feedback from other writers I respect before sending copy out.) Feedback can come in a variety of shapes. Depending on the “shape” I may deal with it differently, but I always check my ego at the door, put on my thick skin, and deal with it constructively (even positively, because there are times when feedback leads to positive results).

Here are some of the ways I deal with feedback:

  • If it is a technical correction (product related or related to grammar – I am human; I make mistakes), I accept it, correct it and move on.
  • If it is a subjective suggestion that improves the copy (a fresh set of eyes can sometimes see little things that should be revised to make a document more focused and stronger), I accept it and move on
  • If it is a subjective suggestion that I feel is a neutral change, I will probably accept it; sometimes I might look at the suggested revision and then revise the copy in ways that make it stronger writing
    1. Note: if I feel the suggested revision is not written as well as it should be, I will revise the copy with the suggestions in mind and send it bacl to the person who reviewed the copy

I suspect most writers could live with the above, and might even embrace the above. However, what do you do when the revisions don’t improve your work or don’t make sense? Here are a few ideas:

If it is a subjective suggestion makes the copy less effective, I will ask the person that I need some help with the suggested revision. I will ask what the person was trying to accomplish with the revision and how they feel the revised copy accomplishes it.

If I feel it necessary, I will (politely and professionally) remind the person of the target audience, the purpose of the piece and/or the impression we are trying to make. I will say I want to make sure I understand what they were trying to say in relation to those elements.

When I hear what the person has to say, I will ask if I can rework the revision with those thoughts in mind. Most often the person who made the revisions is happy to have me review and revise it. I will then send it back to my client for review. If I’ve had a constructive conversation with the client, my revision is usually accepted or accepted with minor changes.

There is another element to this, though: What do you do if someone adds copy to your work?

If it improves the work, I have no problem accepting it. If it makes sense but needs some revision, I will revise it and send it back to the client for review. And if it doesn’t make sense, I’ll have a chat with the client and revise it based on the discussion.

However, sometimes a person makes positive, constructive or negative additions when there is no space for new copy. When that occurs, I remind the client that we can’t go over word count, and ask what he feels we should remove before adding any copy. If I feel the change is not for the better, I will also do my “purpose” reminder thing above, and ask what we should cut if we use the new copy (which I will revise based on the discussion).

In short, if a client really wants something added and there is no room to add anything, then I need the client to review the document and let me know what should be cut based on the client’s priority. (Note: If it’s a matter of adding a couple of words and there are a couple of words I can cut, though, I won’t go put the client through this.)

In short, writing is subjective and I expect suggested revisions and changes. However, that doesn’t mean I accept them as is when I don’t think they work. I try to bring the client back to the reasons behind the document to make sure any revisions are in sync with the ad’s purpose and target audience.

Finally, if the client is bigger, stronger or paying the bills and insists on his words, as spelled out, I will make the requested change. I am always polite and professional, no matter what I think, when dealing with my clients. In the end, it’s their document and the client has to live with the consequences. I won’t get angry or try to get even. What’s the point? Does’t mean I roll over and make every suggestion I receive as I receive them. It means I listen, work in a positive and constructive manner with the client and try my best to make the document as clear, focused, powerful and effective as possible.

And if you have any suggestions to make on my “how to deal with feedback” suggestions presented here, feel free to leave a comment.

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Secrets of Successful Independents: Twitter recap

March 8, 2012 – 2:17 pm

At last night’s IABC/Toronto Professional Independent Communicators (PIC) meeting, Cathy Ledden and I shared secrets of our business and marketing success. Our chat was captured in a profusion of tweets that you can now read online here.

Here are a few sample tweets:

Cathy notes: Many design budgets cut with recession, but created a bigger indie talent pool. Great opps for collaboration, niche

Talk of budgets @paulwriterlima says he didn’t feel the squeeze from the recession. Always work for freelancers if you’re talented.

Cathy also emphasizes need for a formal business plan, especially for balancing out the highs and lows.

Paul emphasized the importance of having a business vision and a business plan, and got a laugh for his “Always Be Marketing” mantra.

Paul: ABM = Always Be Marketing. Note: Not always be selling, turns ppl off! But take advantage of opportunities.

Paul: Ask yourself, who are you and who do you aspire to be? (In your career)

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Rebel in the Back Seat and other short stories

February 29, 2012 – 6:07 am

Rebel in the Back Seat
… and other short stories

Buy Rebel onlineRead excerpts

Rebel in the Back Seat

Sometimes tragic. Often hilarious. Frequently poignant. And always uplifting. Rebel In The Back Seat will make you smile, make you laugh, make you feel and just might cause you to reflect on growing up — the good, the not always good, and the painful … And yes, even the funny moments too.

Rebel In The Back Seat is a collection of coming of age, no matter what the age, short stories. The collection includes:
* Hockey Night on Ossington Avenue
* The Conquest of Kong
* The Winter of Whisky
* A Whiter Shade of Pale
* L’Ascenseur
* The Visit
* The Last Bang
* Beaujolais Nouveau
* The Cattle Were Lowing
* The Nuncles
* Rebel In The Back Seat

Note: In some stories, there is some violence, some strong language and some sexual content. There is also, in most stories, a great deal of fun and levity.

Buy Rebel online or read excerpts from the the book.

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New blog – Motivate to Create – worth visiting

February 22, 2012 – 2:28 pm

Motivation is the strange life-force that compels people to achieve or do things, be it row across an ocean, build the world’s tallest tower or write a book.

The blog Motivate to Create examines the subject of artistic motivation, specifically for writers but more generally for creators of any medium. Blog master Nate Hendley is a Toronto-based writer and author who offers common-sense insights on topics such as inspiration, dedication and creativity.

The blog also features interviews with writers both famous and fledgling detailing their own struggles and triumphs with the spirit of motivation. An upcoming interview will include yours truly, but don’t wait to my interview to be posted on the blog. You can check it out now at: www.motivatetocreate.com.

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Guest post: Simple ways to avoid cyber attacks on your computer or mobile phone

February 15, 2012 – 4:13 pm

Simple ways to avoid cyber attacks
Lynn Hargrove,
Director of Consumer Solutions,
Symantec Canada

Despite a growing sophistication among hackers and scammers in their ability to steal and exploit personal and corporate information, there is a low sense of urgency among small and medium businesses to take proactive protective measures.

In a 2011 survey, Symantec found that only half of small and medium sized businesses were well guarded against cyber attack – and most of these waited until after they experienced data loss to put safeguards and backup policies in place.

It doesn’t take much to better your odds against cyber criminals and their ever-evolving arsenal of viruses, scams and malware, as can you can see from the following simple tips:

  • Keep your computer current with the latest software patches and updates. Attackers use known software flaws (vulnerabilities) to break into victim’s systems.
  • Choose multiple strong passwords for different applications — and keep them safe.
  • Shield your personal information. Legitimate companies will not use email messages to ask for your passwords or personal information.
  • Don’t open files or links sent from people you don’t know and scan any others before opening.
  • Review bank and credit card statements regularly for signs of anything unusual.
  • Back up your data. If you can’t prevent an attack, at least minimize the damage by backing up essential files as often as possible.
  • Protect your computer with reputable security software.

Security on the go
Cyber criminals also target mobile devices through the use of malicious apps that install spyware or snoopware that retrieve your contact lists, passwords, emails, texts and even your location. Malicious apps can also be used to run up SMS or phone charges without your knowledge, incurring charges you’ll be on the hook to pay.

The Norton Cybercrime Report from September 2011 revealed that only 16 per cent of Canadians have sufficient security on their mobile devices. To protect your mobile device:

  • Password protect your phone
  • Be diligent about app permissions on all new installed apps and upgrades
  • Enable encryption on the phone (available on some models)
  • Don’t engage with a strange SMS/MMS message or an unsolicited Bluetooth connection request
  • Purchase security software to protect against malware and spam and anti-theft software to remotely lock and wipe your phone if lost or stolen

To make it easier for users, many hosts of public Wi-Fi connections (both free and paid) disable much of the security built into their wireless devices, leaving your data to pass unprotected through the air where it can be intercepted by crooks. So if you work at Wi-Fi hotspots, remember to:

  • Shield your screen when entering passwords or viewing confidential material
  • Change your security settings to manually select each wireless network it joins
  • Turn off file sharing
  • Remove sensitive or personal data from your laptop before connecting – and never IM or email anything you wouldn’t want made public
  • Avoid banking, trading or conducting any financial transactions

What to do if it’s too late
If you’ve just become the latest victim of a cyber attack or suspect something is not quite right, Symantec has prepared an excellent information sheet on what to do next: http://us.norton.com/victim/article

Note: As the owner of this blog, I did not receive payment for this guest post. Having been hit by a couple of viruses over the last year, I believe computer (and now mobile phone) users need to pay more attention to viruses than ever.

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Secrets of Successful Independents: Toronto, March 7

February 3, 2012 – 11:44 am

Professional Independent Communicators presents:
Secrets of Successful Independents
Wednesday, March 7, 2012, 6 to 9 p.m., Toronto
(Preregistration required; exact location to be announced)

Read the secrets of success blog and listen to the podcast.

Join the IABC panel of successful communicators as they share insights and tips to help you achieve your business goals. You will learn:
- How to extend your brand into new areas
- How to market yourself to attract the clients you want
- How to generate “passive” income from self-publishing

Panel: Dawn Boshcoff, Principal and Trainer, BOSHnewmedia Communications; Cathy Ledden, R.G.D., Chief Designer, Ledden Design; and Paul Lima, freelance writer and business writer trainer.

Registration Fees*:
$22: IABC member ($24.86 with HST)
$32: Non-member ($36.16 with HST)
*Advance registration and payment is required. Registrations and payments will NOT be accepted at the door. Soft drinks, juice, coffee, tea and cookies will be provided.

Event Schedule:
Check-in and networking start time: 6 to 6:30 p.m.
Presentation, workshop and Q&A: 6:30 to 8 p.m.
Networking: 8 to 9 p.m.
Location: Room 314, Metro Hall, 55 John Street – Toronto

Brought to you by: Professional Independent Communicators

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Four reviews for Everything You Wanted To Know About Freelance Writing

January 30, 2012 – 2:49 pm

Here are four reviews for Everything You Wanted To Know About Freelance Writing. The book is now being used for the University of Toronto’s online version of The Freelance Writing Business as well as courses offered by The University of Western Ontario and Humber College.

Review: I found your book, Everything You Wanted To Know About Freelance Writing, practical as well as valuable. I’ve read just about every book on freelance writing on the market and I’m beyond the “start-up” phase, but I still found your book beneficial–particularly how it helped me update my business plan…. In addition, I’ve read a great deal of advice on setting rates, but your breakdown of billable hours allowed me to see not only where I needed to be, but how I am going to get there.
- Kathryn Messer, Commercial Copywriter, KMC Communications

Review: Well! How do you teach an old dog new tricks? When it comes to writing, I discovered the answer is simple; get your hands on Paul Lima’s books. His Harness the Business Writing Process and Everything You Wanted to Know About Freelance Writing are like mini-workshops packed with practical instructions and exercises. Now when a new writing project arrives on my desk, instead of staring at the blank screen, I pick up one of his books, scan the appropriate sections and I’m off to a great start — every time. I would not be writing successful copy and articles today without Paul Lima’s handbooks and guidance.
- Alastair Barnett, The Writing Butler

Review: One of the best things I have purchased for my business (not counting my computer) is Paul Lima’s book Everything You Wanted to Know About Freelance Writing… I highly recommend this book for new freelance writers, to give them an idea of how to get started in freelance writing, and for seasoned veterans…
- Full review by Heidi Turner

Review: “Your expert plan, as outline in your book, has demystified the marketing and other business aspects of writing for m. I find your instructions to be straight forward, informative, and valuable. ” – Bonnie Zink, corporate writer and editor

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Solid overview article on becoming your own boss

January 25, 2012 – 7:10 pm

“Everyday I’m Hustlin’” is a solid overview article on becoming your own boss:

Have you ever thought about creating your own job? … For many types of work, it’s possible to shop your skills around for short-term work as an independent service provider — a freelancer or consultant. You’d be in good company: according to Statistics Canada, there were 2.67 million self-employed workers (about 16 percent of the workforce) in this country in 2010 — 12 per cent more than a decade ago. About half were sole proprietors, unincorporated and working without paid help.

Being your own boss sounds awesome, right? Imagine it: more control over the work you do, greater flexibility in your schedule, and no more irritating commute to the office. And, in a way, you have more job security than you would working for someone else — no one can fire or downsize you.

But before you declare your independence, be warned:… [Read full article here]

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